Health

The desire to live free of pain is universal among all living creatures, and humans have tried to find ways to alleviate pain since the dawn of man.

Buy morphine pills Online.Although morphine was quickly accepted, it was the development of hypodermic syringes that made it one of the most popular drugs of the nineteenth century. Invented simultaneously but independently by physician Alexander Wood in Britain and surgeon Charles Pravez in France in 1853, the hypodermic syringe allowed for morphine to be administered by injection rather than orally. Wood reasoned that if the drug was injected rather than eaten, it would not create an appetite like other food and drink – a behaviour he had already observed in patients treated with opiates.

However, critical voices emerged even in the initial wave of enthusiasm. Already in the 1860s, Felix von Niemeyer, though conceding that “the introduction of hypodermic injections was a great event, and…an immense advance in treatment [for neuralgia],” warned that he clearly observed it creating addiction in his patients, who began “to feel an absolute need of the injections.” The following decade saw more and more practitioners come forward with their own observations. Physician Clifford Allbutt, who had effusively and publicly praised hypodermic morphine only a few months before, now reported its injurious effects on his patients: “They seem as far from cure as they ever were, they all find relief in the incessant use of the syringe, and they all declare that without the syringe life would be insupportable.”

It became evident that hypodermic morphine was not the magical panacea the medical world had hoped and believed it to be. Yes, it did bring peace and comfort to patients, but at a cost. The ‘disease’ of morphine addiction that was threatening society was spreading. For the first time, the question of culpability arose. Who was to blame?

What could be done to combat this ‘morally dangerous disease’? For those already battling with addiction, Levinstein’s advice was to quit suddenly, as he found that his patients had generally overcome the withdrawal symptoms in two or three days. Writing a decade later, Oscar Jennings recommends the opposite approach of gradually reducing the morphine, eventually replacing morphine with other medicines such as sparteine and trinitrine. Both claimed successes in rehabilitating patients. For a brief time it was also believed that cocaine could be used to wean people from morphine.

But how to prevent addiction occurring in the first place? Anstie still believed morphine to be “one of the most valuable inventions of the country,” of the same significance as gaslight and the railway. As such it was too valuable to renounce completely; he simply recommended keeping the doses small. The BMJ emphasised that morphine should only be used by professional hands and advised keeping a record of the doses given. Moreover, morphine should only be given for fourteen days.


Allergies

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Pediatric

Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of morphine oral liquid 20 milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL) in children and morphine oral liquid 2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL in children younger than 2 years of age. Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Geriatric

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of morphine in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related lung, liver, kidney, or heart problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving morphine.


Breastfeeding

There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Drug Interactions

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.

Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.

Isocarboxazid
Linezolid
Methylene Blue
Naltrexone
Ozanimod
Phenelzine
Procarbazine
Rasagiline
Safinamide
Samidorphan
Selegiline
Tranylcypromine

Other Medical Problems

The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:

Addison disease (adrenal gland problem) or
Alcohol abuse, or history of or
Brain tumor, history of or
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or
Cor pulmonale (serious heart condition) or
Depression, history of or
Drug dependence, especially with narcotics, or history of or
Enlarged prostate (BPH, prostatic hypertrophy) or
Gallbladder disease or gallstones or
Head injuries, history of or
Heart disease or
Hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid) or
Hypovolemia (low blood volume) or
Increased pressure in the head or
Kyphoscoliosis (curvature of the spine with breathing problems) or
Mental health problems, history of or
Problems with passing urine or
Stomach or bowel problems (eg, blockage) or
Trouble swallowing or
Weakened physical condition—Use with caution. May increase risk for more serious side effects. 

Hypotension (low blood pressure) or
Pancreatitis (swelling of the pancreas) or
Seizures, history of—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse. 

Kidney disease or
Liver disease—Use with caution. The effects may be increased because of slower removal of the medicine from the body. 

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